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Artículo: Resistance exercise combined with vascular restriction improves endothelial function and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract (Resumen):
This study examined the effect of resistance exercise, combined with vascular restriction, on endothelial function and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Twenty-two subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into three groups, resistance exercise group (EG, n=7), resistance exercise combined with vascular restriction group (EVG, n=8), and control group (CG, n=7). The resistance exercise was performed three times a week over 16 week period at an intensity of approximately 20% of 1RM for major muscle groups in EG and EVG. And the EVG based on the externally applied vascular restriction pressure of 100 mmHg at the bilateral femoral artery and subclavian artery in exercising. A significant decrease in HOMA-IR and plasma ET-1 levels was founded after exercise in EVG (P<0.01), and there was also a increase in plasma NO levels following exercise was noted in EVG (P < 0.01). In conclusion, resistance exercise with vascular restriction is useful to improve endothelial function and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Pubget

Artículo: Hypothyroidism--clinical findings, diagnosis, therapy. Thyroid tests should be performed on broad indications

Abstract (Resumen):
Hypothyroidism is a clinical entity resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormones or, more rarely, from their impaired activity at tissue level. It is a common condition, with a prevalence of 1.9 per cent in women, and the prevalence increases with age. Hypothyroidism may be congenital or acquired, primary or secondary, chronic or transient. Primary hypothyroidism is caused by disease or treatment which destroys the thyroid gland or interferes with thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Autoimmune thyroiditis is the predominant cause of primary hypothyroidism in countries such as Sweden where severe iodine deficiency is non-existent. Another cause of primary hypothyroidism, chronic or transient, is previous radio-iodine or surgical treatment of hypothyroidism. In secondary or central hypothyroidism, which is very rare, there is a lack of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or TSH activity, due to a pituitary or hypothalamic cause. The clinical features of hypothyroidism are dependent on the patient's age, the presence of other disease, and the rate at which hypothyroidism develops. As thyroid hormones are universal determinants of organ function, there may be a multiplicity of symptoms. Particularly in the elderly, the clinical features may be atypical, and the diagnosis easily missed. First line tests for hypothyroidism are analyses of the concentrations of free thyroxine (T4) and TSH in serum. In primary hypothyroidism, the serum content of T4 is low and that of TSH high. In central hypothyroidism, the serum content of T4 is low and that of TSH generally low or normal, though slightly increased levels of biologically inactive TSH may also occur. Subclinical hypothyroidism is characterised by a normal serum level of T4, an increased level of TSH, and the absence of clinical symptoms. When a diagnosis of chronic hypothyroidism is confirmed, treatment with laevothyroxine is started, the initial dose being adjusted to the age and general condition of the patient, and the duration and severity of hypothyroidism. As a rule, full thyroxine replacement therapy should bring the serum TSH level into the normal range. In central hypothyroidism, laevothyroxine treatment is similar, but pituitary function must be evaluated and, if necessary, corticosteroid replacement be instituted before laevothyroxine treatment is started.

Pubgle

Artículo: ESMO Guidelines consensus conference on malignant lymphoma 2011 part 1: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Abstract (Resumen):
To complete the existing treatment guidelines for all tumor types, ESMO organizes consensus conferences to better clarify open issues in each disease. In this setting, a consensus conference on the management of lymphoma was held on 18 June 2011 in Lugano, immediately after the end of the 11th International Conference on Malignant Lymphoma.
The consensus conference convened ∼45 experts from all around Europe and selected six lymphoma entities to be addressed; for each of them three to five open questions were to be discussed by the experts. For each question, a recommendation should be given by the panel, supported by the strength of the recommendation based on the level of evidence.
This consensus report focuses on the three most common lymphoproliferative malignancies: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. A second report will concentrate on mantle cell lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma and T-cell lymphomas.


JURN

Artículo: Consequences of chronic renal insufficiency on the exercise capacity, nutritional status, pulmonary function and respiratory musculature of children and adolescents

Abstract (Resumen):
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate functional capacity, pulmonary function, respiratory musculature and nutritional status among children and adolescents with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) undergoing conservative treatment.
METHODS: This study was conducted with 30 volunteers, divided into two groups: a group of children and adolescents with CRI undergoing conservative therapy (CRI Group) and a group without renal disease (Control Group). The volunteers underwent physical therapy evaluation, spirometry, strength and resistance tests on their respiratory musculature, nutritional status evaluation and functional capacity assessment. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test with a significance level of 5%.
RESULTS: The Tiffeneau index was significantly lower in the CRI Group (p= 0.003). In relation to respiratory muscle function, the maximum expiratory pressure values were lower (p= 0.010) and the time values of the resistance test were greater (p= 0.003). In the functional assessment, the variables that differed statistically were: lower distance walked (p< 0.001), greater mean arterial pressure (p< 0.001), final respiratory rate (p< 0.001) and Borg scale (p= 0.048). Regarding nutritional status, all the statistically significant variables were lower.
CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with CRI undergoing conservative treatment may present significantly impaired functional capacity, respiratory musculature and nutritional status.

JANE

Artículo: The temporomandibular joint in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: frequently used and frequently arthritic.

Abstract (Resumen):
Recent recognition of the markedly high prevalence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) coupled with the significant morbidity associated with TMJ damage has prompted increased interest in both the clinical and pathological aspects of TMJ arthritis. This review focuses on the prevalence of TMJ arthritis in JIA, the imaging modalities used to detect TMJ arthritis, and the treatment of TMJ arthritis in children with JIA.